一、过去完成时与现在完成时的区别

现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，以现在的时间为基点，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关，其结构为“助动词 have (has) + 过去分词”;过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，已过去时间为基点，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。

比较：I have learned 1000 English words so far.到目前为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。

I had learned 1000 English words till then.到那时为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。

— I'm sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起，让你久等了。

— Oh, not at all. I have been here only a few minutes.没什么，我只等了几分钟。(“等”的动作从过去某一时间点持续到现在)

二、过去完成时与一般过去时的区别

虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：

1. 时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。

比较：They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday.

They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.

2. 在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。

She was very happy. Her whole family were pleased with her, too.She had just won the first in the composition competition.

3. 当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用 and 或 but 连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时;另外，在 before ， after ， as soon as 引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。

He entered the room, turned on the light and read an eveningpaper.

Ⅰ. MultipleChoices.

1.I lost the dictionary I ________.

A.have bought B.bought C.had bought D.had been bought

2.The train had gone when my brother _______ at the station.

A.have arrived B.arrived C.had arrived D.am arriving

3. Mary _______ of visiting her grandmother, but the bad weathermade her change her mind.

A.has thought B.thought C.had thought D.had been thought

4.------Did you meet Tom at the airport? ------No，he _______ by the time I______ there.

A.has left;got B.had left;arrived C.left;arrived D.left;had got

5.-------Why didn’t Tom attend the meeting yesterday? -------He __________ Beijing.

A.has gone to B.had gone to C.went to D.had been to

6.-------I _______ to come to help you. ------But you didn’t come.

A.have meant B.had meant C.meant D.will mean

7.Finally one of my friends _______ by Beijing University，for which she ___ five timA.were admitted; had tried B.was admitted; had tried C.were admitted; has tried D.was admitted; tried

8.------I have bought you the books you want. ------Oh，good，I _______ afraid you had forgotten.

A.was B.am C.had been D.have been

9.We _________ four thousand new words by the end of last year.

A.had learned B.have learned C.learned D.will have learned

10.Helen _______her keys in theoffice so she had to wait until her husband ______home.

A.has left;comes B.left;had come C.had left;came D.had left;would come

11. My father _________ to the hospital when I hurried home.

A. had gone B. went C. had been taken D. had been sent

12. ----- Jim, ________ you _________ your homework?

----- Yes, of course, but I ________ it late bed time.

A. do do; finished B. did do; had finished C. have done; hadfinished D. have done; finished

13. You ____ football after school. Why not go home and do yourhomework first?

A. always played B. are always playing C. have always played D.have always been playing

es

14. Eversince Picasso’s painting went on exhibit, there ____ large crowds at the museumevery day.

A. is B. has been C. have been D. had been

15. ---What do you think of my suggestion? --- Sorry. What’s that?I _____ about something else.

A. was thinking B. thought C. am thinking D. had thought

Ⅱ. Fill in theblanks according to the meanings of the sentences by using tenses of the verbs.

1. How many English songs ___________ she __________ (learn) bythe end of last month?、

2. Hardly _______ I ______ (get) on the bus when it started tomove

3. He __________________(read) the book before he was ten yearsold.

4. She said she ___________________ (see) the film before.

5. Our English teacher _________________ (teach) English inGuangxi for ten years before he came to No.113 Middle School.

6. By the end of last month, they _________________(complete)thebridge .

7. No sooner ________ I _______ (go) out than he came to see me.

89. The classroom _______________ (clean) before we ___________(get) there yesterday.

10. ________ the boy ___________ (finish) his homework before yousaw him?

11. When we got to the station, the train _____________ already_____________. (leave)

12. The book __________ by the end of last month. (finish)

13. When I got back to the shop , my bag _________________ (take)away by someone else.

14. When I arrived at the cinema, the film _________________ (be)on for ten minutes.

15. ---What’s that terrible noise?

---The neighbors ______ (prepare) for a party.

16. The mayor of Beijingsays that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics ______ ( complete) by2006.

17. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ______(visit) a museum when the earthquake struck.

18. ---Mr. Johnson didn’t turn up at the meeting yesterdaymorning, did he?

--- No. We __________ (wait) till twelve o’clock. A whole morningwas wasted.

19. ---Why haven’t you asked her to come here?

---She _______ (do) an important experiment when I found her andshe ________ (not, finish) it.

答案：

Keys:

Ⅰ. 1-5 CBCBB 6-10BBAAC 11-15. DDBCA

Ⅱ. 1. had learnt2. had got 3. had read 4. had seen 5. had taught 6. had completed 7. had gone8. had gone 9. had been cleaned, got 10. Had finished 11. had left 12. had beenfinished 13. had been taken 14. had been on 15. are preparing 16. will havebeen completed 17. was visiting 18. were waiting 19. was doing, hasn’t finished

初三英语重要知识点整理大全

九年级英语第一单元知识点归纳

1.break a world record 打破世界记录

2.get a gold medal 获得金牌

3.with a time of … 用…时间

4.at the same time 同时

5.up and down 上上下下

6.set a world record创造世界记录

7.as fast as possible 尽快

8.believe in sb 信任某人 believe sb 相信某人的话

9. make sb proud使某人感到自豪

10. give up 放弃

11.be able to do sth能够做某事 be unable to do 不能做某事

12. at the age of … 在…岁的时候

13.catch up with 赶上

14. none of 一个也没有

15.fall off 掉下

16.do one’s best 尽某人的努力

17.the others 别的

九年级英语第二单元知识点归纳

1. take turns 轮流, 交替

2. hold a world record 保持世界记录

3. be located in / on …位于

4. be proud of 以…自豪

5. on average 通常

6. on record 记载下来有

7. four times as --- as --- 是…四倍

8. think of 想出

9. find out 了解, 找出

10.some more 更多一些

11.try to do sth 试着去做某事

12.all over the world 遍及全世界

13.be full of 装满

14.it’s + adj.+ for sb to do sth 对某人干某事怎么样

15.it’s time for sb to do sth 某人该干某事了

16.such as 例如

17.take part in 参与

18.that’s very kind of sb to do sth某人做事太好

九年级英语第三单元知识点归纳

1.pay …for… 付钱, 赔偿

2.make money 挣钱

3.something to eat 吃的东西

4. what’s the price of … 价钱是…

5. get up 起床

6.be hard to do sth 做某事难

7.come up to 到达

8.go over to 走过

9.give sth back to sb 把… 还给某人

10.do / deal with 处理

11.elementary school 小学

12.hold up 挂起

13.on the Internet 在互联网上

14.what else别的什么

15.hear of 听说

16.set up 创建

17.have success in 在…取得成功 business hours 营业时间

18.any other 别的

九年级英语第四单元知识点归纳

1. wake up 醒来

2. what’s wrong with …怎么了

3. get a cold 感冒

4. get dressed穿衣

5. be weak in 在… 薄弱

6. point to 指向…

7. ook up 查字典

8. out of breath 上气不接下气

9. miss school 没去上学

10. take medicine吃药

11. breathe through the nose通过鼻子呼吸的

12. must be 一定 表示推测 否定：can’be

13. stay healthy 保持健康

14. be different from 不同于…

15. be made from /of由…制成

16. be bad for对..有害

17. get a pain in …在…哪痛

18. dare to do sth 敢于做某事

19. think about 考虑

20. get married结婚

21. fall ill 生病

22. as soon as 一…就

23. the more, the better 越多越好

九年级英语第五单元知识点归纳

1. be famous for 以…而著名

2. learn sth from 从… 学到东西

3. be born in+地点 / on +时间：出生于…

4. not … until ….直到…才…

5. make a mistake 犯错

6. so… that …如此…以至

7. so that 为了,以便

8. come up with 想出, 提出

9. in the 1960s 在二十世纪 六十年代

10. devote to do sth 致力于..

11. because of 因为

12. in one’s spare time 在空余时间

13. it’s said that 据说

14. nothing but 除了…什么也没有

15. day after day 一天又一天

16. in a difficult situation 在困难情况下

17. talk about 谈论

18. in the same year在同一年

19. give first aid 进行急救

20. make an example 举例

21. in the Anti-Japanese War 在抗日战争中

22. die of 死于…

九年级英语第六单元知识点归纳

1.have an accident 发生事故

2.take care of 照顾

3.warn sb ( not ) to do sth 提醒某人(不)干某事

4. there ‘s something wrong with …有毛病

5.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事

6.instead of 代替

7.long, long ago 很久以前

8.be careful 小心

9.it takes sb sometime/some money to do sth花某…时间/金钱干某事

10.from then on 从那时起

11.don’t have to do sth 没必要做某事

12fall on the top of 掉在…上面

13. on the edge of 在…边沿

14.hurt oneself 伤到自己

下册

第一单元知识点归纳

1. know / learn …by heart 记住…背诵…

2. need to do sth 必须做某事

3. look / sound / feel / like …看/听/感觉起来像…

4. think of 想起…

5. hear / see sb do / doing …听/看某人干某事

6. start / end with….从…开始/以...结束

7. express oneself 表达自己

8. at the moment 此时

9. a set number of 一定数量的

10. either …or …或者…或者…

11. both …and 两者都.

12. fill in 填入

13.look up 向上看. 查字典

14.another two 另外两个

15.different kinds of 各种不同类型的

16.go ahead .向前 走吧 说吧 干吧

17.in the middle of 在…中间

18.be related to 与…有关

第二单元知识点归纳

1. combine …and ...和…结合

2. neither … or …既不…也不

3. the answer to the question：问题的答案

4. not only … but also…不仅…而且

5. the same as…与…一样

6. divide sth in half 把某物分成两半

7. no longer不再

8. had better ( not ) do sth 最好(别)干某事

9. play chess 下棋

10.say hello to sb 向某人问好

11.what if 如果…将会怎样

12.generally speaking 通常来说

13.except for 除…外

14.for example例如

15.prefer… to 与…比较更喜欢…

16.prefer to do sth rather than do sth 宁愿…而不愿…

第三单元知识点归纳

1. be different from 不同于…

2. make a mistake 犯错

3. pick up 拾起

4. be full of 装满

5. keep doing sth 保持干某事

6. point to 指向…

7. introduce … to …把…介绍给…

8. eat up 吃光

9. as soon as 一…就…

10.talk about / with / to 交谈

11.give sth back to sb 把某物还给…

12.have trouble with 在…遇到麻烦

13.face to face 面对面

14.at the end of在…的最后

15.in good Chinese tradition 按照中国的良好传统

16.no problem 没问题

17.never mind 别担心

18.depend on 依靠 视情况而定

19.again and again 反复地

20.praise …for …因…表扬…

21.give sth back to sb 把…还给

22.given name 名字

23.family name 姓氏

第四单元知识点归纳

1. spend sometime/some money on sth：在某事上花费…时间/金钱

2. have a fight with sb和某人争吵

3. be bad for对…不利

4. have / hold a meeting 开会

5. be angry with sb/sth=be mad at sb/sth 生某人/某事的气

6. agree to do sth 同意做某事 agree with sb 同意某人意见

7. either of 两个都

8. belong to 属于

9. the student council 学生会

10.make a friend with sb 和某人交朋友

11.understand each other 相互了解

12.a number of 成员

13.the Garden of Eden 伊甸园

14.at last 最后

15.have a talk 谈话

16.and so on 等等

17.to be honest 说实话

18.the Garden of Eden 伊甸园

第五单元知识点归纳

1. how do you feel about …= what do you think of 对…感觉如何

2. teach sb sth 教某人某事

3. knock on /at the door敲门

4. hang up 把…挂起

5. it’ time for …到…时候了

6. help yourself to sth 请随便吃…

7. turn on /off 打开/关闭

8. hand in /out 上交/分发

9. would you mind doing sth 介意我做某事吗

10. it’s very kind of sb to do sth 某人做事真是太好了

11.be / get ready for 准备做…

12.get sth ready 准备好某物

13.be different from 不同于…

14.not …at all一点也不

15.regard sth/sb as把某人/当作…

16.from now on 从现在起

17.three percent of 百分之三

18.compare to /with 与…相比

第六单元知识点归纳

1. grow up 长大

2. be free 有空,自由

3. be busy doing 忙于做某事

4. at first 首先

5. graduate from毕业于

6. up to 达到

7. pay attention to 注意

8. cut down 砍下

9. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事

10.make progress 取得进步

11.step by step 一步一步地

12.be worth doing sth 值得做某事

13.even if 即使. 纵然

14.get a chance to do sth 有机会干某事

15.as many as 230 million多达二亿三千万

16.leave for 起程去…

17.shout at 对…大声喊

18.leave sb alone 让某人单独留下

19.spend one’s vacation 度过某人的假期

　在复习初三英语时，很多同学因为之前没有对知识进行总结记忆所以复习的效率不高。下面是由我为大家整理的“初三英语重要知识点整理大全”，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读本文。

　 重点短语

　1.put on 增加(体重);发胖

　2.care about 关心; 在乎

　3.end up 最终成为， 最后处于

　4.not only ……but also……不但……而且……

　5.shoot down 射下

　6.used to do 过去常常做……

　7.remind sb. of 使某人想起

　8.give out 分发 发放

　9.the water festival 泼水节

　10.the Chinese spring festival 中国春节

　11.next year 明年

　12.get used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于……

　13.as a matter of fact事实上

　14.break out爆发

　15.live a hard life过着艰难的生活

　16.in need of需要

　17.provide sb. with sth.= provide sth. for sb.提供某物给某人

　18.one’s success in doing sth.成功完成某事

　19.obey strict rules遵守严格的规则

　20.aim to do sth.目的是

　21.in the past sixteen years在过去的十六年里

　22.at home and abroad在国内外

　23.pay for付款

　24.thousands of成千上万的

重点句型

　1. I think that they’ re fun to watch.

　我认为它们看着很有意思。

　2. What do you like about… ?

　What do you like best about the Dragon Boat Festival?

　关于端午节，你最喜欢什么?

　3. What a great day!

　多么美好的一天!

　4 .1 wonder if…

　I wonder if it’s similar to the Water Festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.

　我想知道它是否与云南傣族的泼水节相似。

　5. How+adj. /adv. + 主 + 谓!

　How fantastic the dragon boat teams were!

　龙舟队多棒啊!

　6.What + 名词+主语+谓语!

　What an interesting book it is!

　它是一本多么有趣的书啊!

　7.宾语从句的语序问题

　以上介绍了三种宾语从句，同学们一定要注意，在疑问词或if/whether引导的'宾语从句中，一定要用陈述句语序。

　e.g.She asked how old I was.

　We don’t know where her office is.

　My teacher wanted to know if I like English.

　8.宾语从句的时态问题

　一般情况下宾语从句的时态必须和主句的时态保持一致：

　当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，宾语从句中的谓语动词不受时态限制。

　e.g.She says that she is a student.

　She says that she was a student two years ago.

　She says that she will be a college student soon.

　She says that she has been a college student for 3 years.

　当主句的谓语动词是过去时时，宾语从句中只能用过去的某种时态。

　e.g.He told me that he would leave soon.

　He said that he was watching TV.

　He didn’t tell me whether he had finished this homework.

　但如果宾语从句中讲述的客观事实、一般真理或自然现象时，则不受它限制。

　e.g.My teacher told us that Yangtze River is the longest river in our country.

　Father said (that) the sun always rises in the east.

　9.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

　Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto____.Somepeoplesuggestthat____。

　10.俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。

　Thereisanoldsaying______.It“stheexperienceofourforefathers，however，itiscorrectinmanycaseseventoday。

　11.现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……更为糟糕的是……

　Today,____,which have brought a lot of harmsinourdailylife. First,____Second,____. What makes things worse is that______。

　12.现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……

　Nowadays，itiscommonto______.Manypeoplelike______because______.Besides，______。

　13.相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……

　Onthecontrary，therearesomepeopleinfavorof___.Atthesametime，theysay____。

　14.但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……最糟糕的是……

　ButIdon”tthinkitisaverygoodwaytosolve____.Forexample，____.Worstofall，___。

　15.……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。首先，……而且……，最重要的是……______isnecessaryandimportanttoourcountry“sdevelopmentandconstruction.First，______.What”smore,_____.Mostimportantofall,______。

　1、词汇量的大小决定一个学生英语水平的高低。因此在初中阶段除要掌握《大纲》要求的800多词汇外，还要扩充500个左右的词汇。在学习词汇的过程中，要掌握词的拼读规则，根据规则记忆单词;同时还要根据构词法知识记忆和扩充单词，通过语境理解和记忆单词也是一个最佳学习单词的好方法。

　2、课堂上，专心听老师的发音和磁带上的录音，争取当堂学会。对于那些比较拗口的单词、短语或句子，课下一定要挤时间反复模仿，直到读准、读熟为止。再次，熟练掌握读音规则，培养自己根据读音规则把字母(或字母组合)与读音建立起联系的能力。因为掌握拼读规则对单词的记忆很有好处。

　3、语法是学好英语的基础，它是掌握英语的工具。在掌握了一定的词汇量后，了解一些语法知识是非常必要的。选择填空是考查语法的一个重要题型。它可以通过选择的方式考查名词、动词、代词、形容词、副词、连词、介词和数词等等。

　4、要想提高阅读水平，除了学习课本外，必须在课外有意识地扩大阅读量，提高阅读速度，掌握阅读技巧。养成课余阅读英文读物的习惯。刚开始时，由于词汇量的限制，可以阅读一些较浅显的文章，尽量读那些没有生词的简易读物。

　5、预习对提高学习效率是有很大帮助的。预习可以使自己听课时精力能很快集中到新知识上面来，容易跟上老师讲课的思路，甚至可以跑到老师思路的前面。思路开拓得好，听课效率就提高。

　6、听课，是掌握知识、理解知识、增长知识、接受知识的重要环节和途径，所以养成上课认真听讲的习惯很重要。一般在课堂上，老师会就每一个语言点进行举例讲解。此时，同学们一定要开动脑筋，切勿死记老师报出的答案，一定要在老师提出问题时积极思考，主动回答老师提出的问题。